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The variety and the complexity of the Cilento geology and geomorphology have made a significant impact on the vegetational and floristic aspects of the area. Its isolation as to more popular places, the dire inaccessibility of many mountain and fluvial areas, the limited anthropic pressure as far as settlement and industry are concerned, the absence of industrialized agriculture, the low-density population make this southern promontory a privileged site also as regards the floristic and vegetational aspects. All this explains the presence of numerous endemic botanical species, i.e. exclusive of this area. Among others we can cite for example the extremely popular primula of Palinuro (Prìmula palinuri), the rock carnation (Dianthus rupicola), the Gasparrini broom (Genista ephedroides), the Cretian Thistle (Cirsium creticum), and, among the aquatic plants present in many rivers and streams, the mare’s tail (Hippuris vulgaris) and the variegated scouring-rush (Equi-setum variegatum).

As concerns the fauna, the major carnivore of the zone remains the wolf (Canis lupus). We have to do here with very timid and distrustful animals that shun the human presence. Those more common and visible are the badger (Meles meles) and above all the fox (Vulpes vulpes) which beats the woods, the crop fields, and, above all, the shrubbed and untilled areas rich in hedges and banks where it can find more preys that are mainly little rodents and insectivores. It is easy to come across, almost everywhere, the unmistakable prints of the hare (Lepus europaeus), a very interesting lagomorth that lately has been favoured by the close of the shooting season following the foundation of the National Park.